Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Muscles for Facial Expressions

Muscles for Facial Expressions

The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...

Muscles of the Anterior Neck

Muscles of the Anterior Neck

The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...

Muscles that Move the Head

Muscles that Move the Head

The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...

Muscles of the Shoulder

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Fibrin tissue adhesive for face- and necklift.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2015

Same author

Commentary to diagnosing PIP breast implant failure: a prospective analysis of clinical and ultrasound accuracy.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2015

Same author

Re: Reply: The poly implant prothèse debacle.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery·2014

Same author

Commentary to 'Aesthetic surgery and Google: ubiquitous, unregulated and enticing websites for patients considering cosmetic surgery'.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2014

Same author

Endoscopic-assisted brow lift: revisions and complications in 810 consecutive cases.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2014

Same author

PIP silicone breast implants.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2013

Same journal

Revisiting guidelines for global plastic and reconstructive surgical initiatives: Recommendations from a scoping review of two decades of published evidence.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2026

Same journal

Protective association of free flap reconstruction with vascular restenosis after angioplasty in patients with diabetic foot.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2026

Same journal

Severity of deformational plagiocephaly: Role of Wormian and Inca bones.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2026

Same journal

Impact of systemic tranexamic acid on postoperative drainage in large-volume reduction mammaplasty.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2026

Same journal

The cost burden resulting from post-surgical complications caused by aesthetic surgery abroad: A retrospective two-center experience.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2026

Same journal

Optimising personalised melanoma care: A national e-Delphi consensus survey exploring expert perspectives on the use of a novel prognostic biomarker for early-stage cutaneous malignant melanoma.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

Platysma-SMAS plication facelift.

M G Berry¹, Dai Davies

¹Institute of Cosmetic and Reconstructive Surgery, 1 Parkside, London W6 OUU, UK. militorum@hotmail.com

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS

|March 31, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Platysma-SMAS plication (PSP) offers a safe and effective minimally invasive facelift alternative, achieving high patient satisfaction and reproducible aesthetic results with minimal complications. This technique balances invasiveness and recovery time for improved outcomes.

More Related Videos

Surgical Approach to Full Soft Tissue Face Allograft Procurement for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

Surgical Approach to Full Soft Tissue Face Allograft Procurement for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

Published on: December 30, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

Surgical Approach to Full Soft Tissue Face Allograft Procurement for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

Surgical Approach to Full Soft Tissue Face Allograft Procurement for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

Published on: December 30, 2025

Area of Science:

Plastic Surgery
Aesthetic Surgery
Facial Rejuvenation

Background:

Facelift procedures aim for minimal access and reduced downtime.
The Minimal Access Cranial Suspension (MACS) lift has limitations in vectors and neck rejuvenation.
Platysma-SMAS plication (PSP) seeks to improve upon existing techniques by balancing invasiveness and recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Platysma-SMAS plication (PSP) technique.
To assess patient and surgeon satisfaction with PSP facelift outcomes.
To determine complication rates associated with the PSP procedure.

Main Methods:

Prospective study of 117 consecutive patients undergoing Platysma-SMAS plication.
Cosmetic outcomes assessed using a 5-point scale by patients and surgeons.
Follow-up evaluations at initial and final stages to track results and complications.

Main Results:

High cosmetic outcome scores: 4.45 (patients) and 4.49 (surgeon) at initial follow-up.
Sustained or improved scores in 82.2% at final follow-up.
Overall complication rate of 15.4%, including transient facial nerve dysfunction (3.4%) and hematoma (3.4%); no permanent palsies observed.

Conclusions:

Platysma-SMAS plication (PSP) provides high patient satisfaction and reproducible results.
The technique is quick, safe for the facial nerve due to SMAS plication (not flap elevation), and easily learned.
PSP is a valuable advancement in minimally invasive facial rejuvenation, suitable for less experienced surgeons.