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Related Concept Videos

Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

Muscles for Facial Expressions

The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
08:03

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

Morphologic and gender considerations in midface rejuvenation.

M D Paul

    Aesthetic Surgery Journal
    |April 1, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Surgical techniques for correcting the aging midface are adapted based on patient anatomy and gender-specific aesthetic goals. These modifications aim to achieve optimal outcomes in midface rejuvenation.

    Area of Science:

    • Plastic Surgery
    • Aesthetic Surgery
    • Facial Anatomy

    Background:

    • Aging leads to characteristic changes in the midface, affecting appearance.
    • Patient goals for midface rejuvenation can differ significantly based on gender.
    • Anatomic variations influence the approach to midface aging correction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe modifications in surgical technique for midface aging.
    • To address the impact of patient anatomy and gender on surgical planning.
    • To optimize outcomes in the surgical correction of the aging midface.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of surgical techniques for midface rejuvenation.
    • Consideration of anatomic findings in male and female patients.
    • Adaptation of surgical approach based on differing patient goals.

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    Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
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    Published on: November 4, 2025

    Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
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    Published on: March 1, 2015

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    Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

    Published on: May 23, 2020

    Main Results:

    • Surgical techniques for midface aging correction have been altered.
    • Anatomic considerations and patient goals inform technique modification.
    • A tailored approach enhances surgical correction of the aging midface.

    Conclusions:

    • Surgical correction of the aging midface requires individualized techniques.
    • Anatomic findings and gender-specific goals are crucial for successful outcomes.
    • Modified surgical approaches improve the results of midface rejuvenation.