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Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants

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Published on: June 6, 2025

Transient leukemia.

Hema Anand¹, Sameer Bakhshi, Renu Saxena

¹Department of Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110 029, India.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology

|April 1, 2009

Summary

Transient leukemia in newborns with Down syndrome is rare. This case highlights a neonate with Down syndrome who presented with blasts that resolved spontaneously, confirming transient leukemia.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Neonatology
Genetics

Background:

Down syndrome, a genetic disorder, is associated with an increased risk of leukemia.
Transient leukemia is a rare, self-resolving condition observed in neonates, particularly those with Down syndrome.

Observation:

A newborn diagnosed with Down syndrome presented with characteristic dysmorphic features and a high blast count (70%) at birth.
Morphological and cytochemical analyses of the blasts were inconclusive for myeloid or lymphoid lineage.
Flow cytometry revealed the blasts were positive for CD-33, CD-34, and CD-7 markers.

Findings:

The blast count persisted on day 10 but subsequently disappeared without intervention.
The clinical course and laboratory findings confirmed a diagnosis of transient leukemia in a neonate with Down syndrome.

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Implications:

This case underscores the importance of recognizing transient leukemia in neonates with Down syndrome.
Understanding the immunophenotype of these blasts is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind transient leukemia and its resolution.