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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...

iPS Cell Differentiation

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...

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Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus

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[Induced pluripotent stem cells].

A I Shevchenko, S P Medvedev, N A Mazurok

|April 2, 2009

Summary

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) are created by reprogramming somatic cells using specific genes. These iPS cells closely resemble embryonic stem cells (ESC) and hold significant promise for future medical research.

Area of Science:

Stem cell biology
Reproductive biology
Genetics

Background:

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS).
iPS cells share key properties with embryonic stem cells (ESC).
The reprogramming process is crucial for stem cell research and regenerative medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the generation and properties of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS).
To highlight the potential applications of iPS cells in research and medicine.

Main Methods:

Reprogramming of somatic cells using viral vectors.
Transduction with specific genes (Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, Klf4, Nanog, Lin28).
Characterization of iPS cell properties compared to ESC.

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Integration Free Derivation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Laminin 521 Matrix

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Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Frozen Buffy Coats using Non-integrating Episomal Plasmids

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Frozen Buffy Coats using Non-integrating Episomal Plasmids

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Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus

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Integration Free Derivation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Laminin 521 Matrix

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Main Results:

Successfully generated iPS cells from various differentiated somatic cells in mice and humans.
Established that iPS cells closely mimic the properties of ESC.
Identified key genes essential for pluripotency maintenance.

Conclusions:

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) are a valuable alternative to embryonic stem cells (ESC).
iPS technology offers significant potential for advancing regenerative medicine and disease modeling.
Further research into iPS cells is warranted for therapeutic applications.