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Physiology of alpine skiing.
J R Turnbull1, A E Kilding, J W L Keogh
1Institute of Sport and Recreation Research New Zealand, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand. jon_t@xtra.co.nz
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
|April 2, 2009
Summary
Alpine ski racing performance depends on integrated physiological systems, not just one. Continuous technical skill requires high capabilities across all systems, presenting a challenge for sport scientists.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Exercise Physiology
- Alpine Skiing Performance
Background:
- Alpine ski racing presents unique environmental challenges (cold, altitude, complex movements).
- Over 30 years of research, including 29 on-snow and 9 off-snow investigations, inform this review.
- Alpine ski racing involves a complex interplay of multiple physiological systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing research on the physiology of alpine ski racing.
- To identify key physiological demands and capacities of ski racers.
- To highlight challenges in developing optimal training strategies for ski racers.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of >30 years of research.
- Inclusion of on-snow and off-snow investigations.
- Analysis of studies on physiological capacities across varying skill levels.
Main Results:
- Technical ability is a primary performance factor.
- Sustained technical competence requires high overall physiological capacity.
- No single physiological system appears dominant; integration is key.
Conclusions:
- Alpine ski racing demands a multifaceted physiological approach.
- Optimal concurrent development of physiological systems remains a challenge.
- Further research using portable tools is needed to assess energy demands and muscle function.
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