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Muscles of the Anterior Neck

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The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...

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Muscles of the Shoulder

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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
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The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

Neck lift.

Claudio Cardoso de Castro¹

¹Service of Plastic Surgery, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Aesthetic Surgery Journal

|April 2, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Plastic surgeons can achieve optimal aging neck treatment by understanding platysma muscle anatomy. A submental approach to platysma treatment yields excellent results for neck deformities.

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Area of Science:

Plastic Surgery
Anatomy
Aesthetic Surgery

Background:

Aging neck treatment presents ongoing challenges for plastic surgeons.
The platysma muscle's role in neck aging requires further anatomical understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

To present the results of anatomical studies on the platysma muscle.
To elucidate the platysma muscle's role in addressing the aging neck.

Main Methods:

Dissection of 50 cadavers to analyze platysma muscle medial fiber distribution.
A submental approach involving a small incision and skin undermining to access and modify platysma fibers.
Suturing of dissected platysma fibers to the median line after excess muscle removal.

Main Results:

Identified significant variations in suprahyoid platysma medial fiber distribution impacting surgical outcomes.
Demonstrated the efficacy of the described submental approach for treating neck median line deformities.
Achieved very good aesthetic results in patients with neck median line deformities.

Conclusions:

Optimal aging neck treatment relies on appropriate platysma muscle management.
Anatomical analysis combined with a submental approach is crucial for effective platysma treatment.
This technique provides a key to achieving optimal results in aging neck correction.