Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx as...
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin01:26

Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin

Directly acting muscle relaxants like dantrolene and botulinum toxin (BoNT) have distinct mechanisms and applications. Dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, acts on the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) in skeletal muscle cells. RYR1 are calcium channels present at the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. In response to excitation, they release calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Calcium promotes actin-myosin-mediated contraction of muscles.
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics

The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Forehead/Brow Reduction or Augmentation with Custom Implants for Enhanced Facial Profileplasty.

Facial plastic surgery : FPS·2019
Same author

Chin Reshaping in Profileplasty: Augmentative and Reductive Strategies.

Facial plastic surgery : FPS·2019
Same author

Mandibular Angle Implants.

Facial plastic surgery : FPS·2019
Same author

Utility of Tongue Stitch and Nasal Trumpet in the Immediate Postoperative Outcome of Cleft Palatoplasty.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery·2016
Same author

Adjunctive liposuction for optimizing surgical access in the obese patient.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2015
Same author

Protective stenting for prevention of microvascular vascular pedicle compression.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2014
Same journal

A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Dose Ranging, Parallel, Multi-Centre, Phase II Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of MT921 in Subjects with Moderate to Severe Submental Fat.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2026
Same journal

Treatment Satisfaction, Improvements in Jawline Definition, and Psychosocial Impact With OnabotulinumtoxinA for Platysma Prominence: Patient-Reported Outcomes From 2 Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Studies.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2026
Same journal

Recombinant Humanized Type III Collagen Enhances Fat Graft Retention by Promoting Angiogenesis and Adipocyte Viability in a Nude Mouse Model.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2026
Same journal

Beyond the Fixed Grid: Precision-guided Botulinum Toxin Treatment for Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2026
Same journal

Buccal Fat Suspension: Not Just a Lift-Restoring the Foundational Anatomy of a Youthful Cheek.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2026
Same journal

Adverse Outcomes and Complications of Autologous Versus Homologous Costal Cartilage Grafts in Septorhinoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
04:12

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

Published on: January 19, 2024

Easing Botox administration with EMLA cream.

Barry L Eppley

    Aesthetic Surgery Journal
    |April 2, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    EMLA cream significantly reduces needle pain during Botox injections. Pre-treating injection sites with EMLA cream decreased pain by 60% in patients receiving glabellar Botox.

    More Related Videos

    Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
    07:05

    Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea

    Published on: November 9, 2016

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

    Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
    04:12

    Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

    Published on: January 19, 2024

    Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
    07:05

    Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea

    Published on: November 9, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Pain Management
    • Anesthesiology

    Background:

    • Botulinum toxin (Botox) injections are commonly used for cosmetic and therapeutic purposes.
    • Needle-associated pain is a frequent patient concern during Botox administration.
    • Effective pain management strategies are crucial for improving patient experience and compliance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (EMLA) cream in reducing pain during Botox injections.
    • To quantify the pain reduction achieved with EMLA cream in the glabellar area.

    Main Methods:

    • A study involving 20 patients undergoing Botox injections in the glabellar area.
    • Comparison of pain levels between EMLA cream-pretreated sites and matched control sites.
    • Administration of 200 Botox injections across all treatment and control sites.

    Main Results:

    • EMLA cream application resulted in a significant reduction in perceived needle pain.
    • A 60% decrease in pain was observed in EMLA-pretreated sites compared to control sites.
    • The findings suggest EMLA cream is an effective topical anesthetic for Botox procedures.

    Conclusions:

    • Topical EMLA cream is a safe and effective method for mitigating pain associated with Botox injections.
    • Implementing EMLA cream pre-treatment can enhance patient comfort and satisfaction during cosmetic and therapeutic Botox procedures.
    • Further research could explore optimal application times and concentrations for EMLA cream in various aesthetic treatments.