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Multiple brain abscesses as a complication of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. A case report
Abstract:
A case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) complicated by brain abscess is presented. The incidence of this complication has been quoted to be 1-5%. After reviewing all inpatients in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from 1977 to 1988, we found a total of 9 cases of PAVF; only one case of PAVF complicated by brain abscess was noted. PAVF is often asymptomatic in the early stage, and its diagnosis may sometimes be quite difficult. However, untreated PAVF tends to enlarge and become symptomatic. There is also a continuing risk of severe neurologic complications. For these reasons, early diagnosis and treatment are essential. In a case of brain abscess associated with unexplained hypoxemia and extra-cardiac murmur on auscultation, PAVF should be considered.
Insights
Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) can lead to brain abscesses. Early diagnosis and treatment of PAVF are crucial to prevent serious neurological complications.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Neurology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare vascular anomaly.
- PAVF can lead to serious complications, including neurological issues.
- The incidence of PAVF complicated by brain abscess is reported as 1-5%.
Observation:
- A review of 9 PAVF cases found one complicated by brain abscess.
- PAVF is often asymptomatic and difficult to diagnose early.
- Untreated PAVF may enlarge and cause symptoms.
Findings:
- Brain abscess associated with unexplained hypoxemia and extra-cardiac murmur suggests PAVF.
- Early diagnosis and treatment of PAVF are essential.
- PAVF carries a risk of severe neurologic complications.
Implications:
- Consider PAVF in patients with brain abscess, hypoxemia, and murmurs.
- Prompt diagnosis and intervention for PAVF can prevent severe outcomes.
- Increased awareness of PAVF-associated neurological risks is needed.