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Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...

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Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

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Published on: April 19, 2017

The role of complement in regulating the alloresponse.

Steven Sacks¹, Qijuin Lee, Wilson Wong

¹MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK. steven.sacks@kcl.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation

|April 2, 2009

Summary

Anaphylatoxins, key innate immune molecules, regulate adaptive immunity in allograft rejection. New findings highlight their role in antigen presentation and T-cell responses, suggesting novel therapeutic strategies.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Transplantation Immunology
Complement System Biology

Background:

The innate immune system increasingly recognized as a critical regulator of adaptive immunity.
Understanding the complement system's role in immune regulation is crucial for therapeutic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

To review new information on anaphylatoxins' role in regulating immune responses to allografts.
To explore the implications of innate immunity in adaptive immune regulation for therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on recent research findings.
Analysis of studies investigating complement synthesis and anaphylatoxin functions.

Main Results:

Local complement synthesis facilitates antigen-presenting cell and T-cell interactions, driving effector responses.
Anaphylatoxins identified as regulators of antigen presentation, T-cell proliferation, and T-cell longevity.

Conclusions:

Complement blockade strategies, either comprehensive or selective, warrant further investigation.
These findings support the development of targeted therapies for allograft rejection based on complement modulation.