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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
Streptococcal Pharyngitis01:27

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as “strep throat,” is an acute infection of the oropharyngeal tissues caused by the Gram‑positive Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, or talking.Mechanisms of Host Entry and Immune EvasionUpon entering the host, S. pyogenes adheres to the mucosal epithelial cells of the pharynx via surface proteins, notably lipoteichoic acid and the antiphagocytic...

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Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
07:15

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

Published on: January 21, 2020

Periodontitis in systemic rheumatic diseases.

Paola de Pablo1, Iain L C Chapple, Christopher D Buckley

  • 1Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Birmingham, UK. p.depablo@bham.ac.uk

Nature Reviews. Rheumatology
|April 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis, a gum disease causing tooth loss, are linked. Periodontitis may be a modifiable risk factor for RA, but more research is needed to confirm causality.

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
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Published on: January 21, 2020

Induction of Periodontitis via a Combination of Ligature and Lipopolysaccharide Injection in a Rat Model
06:14

Induction of Periodontitis via a Combination of Ligature and Lipopolysaccharide Injection in a Rat Model

Published on: February 17, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Oral health
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease leading to tooth loss.
  • Studies suggest a higher prevalence of periodontitis and tooth loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.
  • The exact nature and causality of the association between periodontitis and RA remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential causal and non-causal mechanisms linking periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis.
  • To investigate periodontitis as a potential modifiable risk factor for RA.
  • To understand the bidirectional relationship and shared risk factors between these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and epidemiological studies.
  • Analysis of biological plausibility for causal links.
  • Examination of potential shared genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests periodontitis may contribute to the initiation and progression of RA's autoimmune response.
  • RA patients may have an increased susceptibility to developing periodontitis and tooth loss.
  • Non-causal associations due to shared risk factors are also considered.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic periodontitis could be a significant modifiable risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Further research is essential to establish definitive causal relationships and inform clinical practice.
  • Understanding this link may lead to novel prevention and treatment strategies for both conditions.