Primary adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's disease)

In the United States the etiology of most cases of adrenal gland atrophy or destruction is unknown. Autoimmune processes may be responsible. With rare exceptions, all three zones of the adrenal cortex are destroyed and there is reduced glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid and androgen secretion. Although the deficiency of glucocorticoid is probably the most severe threat to life, treatment is available to correct all the deficiencies. Patient education and preparedness can prevent serious complications.