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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Fully Automated Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Ultrasensitive Protein Detection from Whole Blood
08:58

Fully Automated Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Ultrasensitive Protein Detection from Whole Blood

Published on: April 16, 2016

Nano-ELISA for highly sensitive protein detection.

Chun-Ping Jia1, Xiao-Qin Zhong, Bao Hua

  • 1Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai, 200050, PR China.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|April 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A novel Nano-ELISA method offers highly sensitive protein detection using nanoparticles and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. This technique achieves rapid, enhanced detection of cancer biomarkers like p53 for early diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunodiagnostics

Background:

  • Protein detection is crucial for disease diagnostics.
  • Conventional methods like ELISA have limitations in sensitivity and speed.
  • Need for advanced techniques for early disease detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a highly sensitive protein detection method, Nano-ELISA.
  • To enhance detection sensitivity and speed compared to traditional ELISA.
  • To explore its potential for early disease diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing micro-magnetic beads coated with monoclonal antibodies for target protein capture.
  • Employing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with detector antibodies and Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for signal amplification.
  • Forming sandwich structures (magnetic beads-protein-AuNP probes) for detection.

Main Results:

  • Achieved detection of p53 protein down to 5 pg mL(-1) in under 2 hours.
  • Demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity compared to classic ELISA kits (0.125 ng mL(-1)).
  • The method is as simple to perform as traditional ELISA.

Conclusions:

  • Nano-ELISA offers a highly sensitive and rapid method for protein detection.
  • Potential for clinical application in early diagnosis of tumors and other diseases.
  • The technique can be adapted for detecting various disease-related protein markers.