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Extraction of Structural Extracellular Polymeric Substances from Aerobic Granular Sludge

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Published on: September 26, 2016

Sand aggregation by exopolysaccharide-producing Microbacterium arborescens--AGSB.

Aureen L Godinho¹, Saroj Bhosle

¹Department of Microbiology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa 403206, India.

Current Microbiology

|April 3, 2009

Summary

Coastal sand dune bacteria produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) that aggregate sand, aiding dune stabilization and protecting microbes from harsh conditions. This highlights a new source of EPS with unique properties.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biotechnology
Environmental Science

Background:

Exopolymers enhance moisture retention in the rhizosphere.
Coastal sand dunes are a potential habitat for exopolymer-producing bacteria.
Microbacterium arborescens--AGSB, a facultative alkalophile, was isolated from coastal sand dunes.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the exopolymer production ability of coastal sand dune isolates.
To characterize the exopolymer produced by Microbacterium arborescens--AGSB.
To investigate the ecological role of bacterial exopolymers in sand dune environments.

Main Methods:

Isolation and screening of exopolymer-producing bacteria from coastal sand dunes.
Characterization of Microbacterium arborescens--AGSB (Gram staining, catalase, oxidase tests, salt tolerance).
Exopolymer isolation (isopropanol precipitation) and chemical analysis (sugar composition).
Optimization of growth parameters (carbon and nitrogen sources) for exopolymer production.

Main Results:

Microbacterium arborescens--AGSB demonstrated high exopolysaccharide (EPS) production.
The produced exopolymer effectively aggregated sand, indicating a role in dune stabilization.
Chemical analysis revealed a heteropolysaccharide composed of rhamnose, fucose, arabinose, mannose, galactose, and glucose, with mannose as the major component upon optimization.
The exopolymer composition differed from other species within the same genus.

Conclusions:

Coastal sand dunes represent an unexplored niche for EPS-producing bacteria.
Bacterial exopolymers play a crucial role in sand aggregation and dune stabilization.
These exopolymers offer protection against desiccation and nutrient limitation in extreme environments.
The unique composition of EPS from Microbacterium arborescens--AGSB warrants further investigation for biotechnological applications.