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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
07:25

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

Published on: March 6, 2018

Immunotherapeutics in development for prostate cancer.

Andrea L Harzstark1, Eric J Small

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA. Andrea.harzstark@ucsf.edu

The Oncologist
|April 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Chemotherapy is standard for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, but new immunotherapies show promise. This review covers cytokine therapy, vaccines, antibody treatments, and dendritic cell immunotherapy for improved prostate cancer care.

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

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Pre-clinical Orthotopic Murine Model of Human Prostate Cancer
07:01

Pre-clinical Orthotopic Murine Model of Human Prostate Cancer

Published on: August 29, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) requires alternative treatments beyond chemotherapy.
  • Immunotherapy represents a promising avenue for mCRPC management.
  • Current research focuses on enhancing the immune system to combat prostate cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical efficacy of various immunotherapeutic strategies for prostate cancer.
  • To highlight promising advancements in immunotherapy for mCRPC.
  • To provide an overview of current research in prostate cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data for immunotherapies in prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of results from cytokine-based therapies (e.g., GM-CSF).
  • Evaluation of vaccine-based immunotherapies.
  • Assessment of antibody-based therapies, including anti-CTLA-4.
  • Review of dendritic cell-based immunotherapies.

Main Results:

  • Cytokine therapy with GM-CSF has shown clinical activity.
  • Prostate cancer vaccines demonstrate varying degrees of efficacy.
  • Antibody therapies, including anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), are under active investigation.
  • Dendritic cell immunotherapy shows potential in early-phase studies.
  • Multiple immunotherapy approaches are advancing in clinical development for prostate cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy offers a viable alternative and adjunct to chemotherapy for prostate cancer.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to optimize these novel treatments.
  • Advancements in immunotherapy hold significant potential for improving outcomes in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.