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A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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Novel secondary hormonal therapy in advanced prostate cancer: an update

Eliezer M Van Allen1, Charles J Ryan

  • 1Urologic Oncology Program, UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.

Current Opinion in Urology
|April 4, 2009
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Castration-resistant prostate cancer progresses despite low testosterone, as the androgen receptor remains active. New hormonal therapies are emerging to target this lethal form of advanced prostate cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Advanced prostate cancer often progresses to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) despite androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).
  • CRPC is characterized by continued androgen receptor (AR) activity even with low testosterone levels, signifying a lethal disease stage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of the mechanisms driving castration resistance in advanced prostate cancer.
  • To discuss evolving clinical strategies and emerging therapies targeting the active androgen receptor in CRPC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent investigations into CRPC mechanisms.
  • Analysis of current and developing clinical approaches for CRPC management.

Main Results:

  • The androgen receptor remains a key therapeutic target in CRPC due to its continued activity.
  • Clinical strategies include antiandrogen withdrawal, sequential antiandrogen use, adrenal androgen inhibitors, and estrogenic compounds.

Conclusions:

  • Hormonal therapy for advanced prostate cancer is rapidly advancing.
  • New agents are in development to more effectively target the underlying disease processes in CRPC.

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