Targeted therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia

The introduction of targeted agents such as the monoclonal antibodies rituximab (anti-CD20) and alemtuzumab (anti-CD52) has brought about a remarkable change in the therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although it is unclear whether overall survival has been improved, the incorporation of these monoclonal antibodies into chemoimmunotherapy regimens has dramatically improved complete response rates and progression-free survival in patients with both newly-diagnosed and relapsed CLL. The success of rituximab and alemtuzumab has spurred the development of other monoclonal antibodies targeting distinct proteins and epitopes on the surface of CLL cells and an exciting array of novel immunotherapeutics. The judicious use of these agents provides the opportunity to develop risk-adapted therapeutic strategies to optimize responses and quality of life in patients with CLL.