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Related Concept Videos

The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention
04:32

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention

Published on: December 20, 2024

[Bone anchored hearing aids (BAHA)].

P A Federspil1

  • 1Univ-Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland. federspil@med.uni-heidelberg.de

HNO
|April 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone anchored hearing aids (BAHA) offer reliable hearing rehabilitation through direct bone conduction. This established technology, with over 30 years of use, remains vital for various hearing loss types.

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Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation in High-Frequency Hearing Loss via Electric Acoustic Stimulation with Longer Electrode
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Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation in High-Frequency Hearing Loss via Electric Acoustic Stimulation with Longer Electrode

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Robotic Cochlear Implantation for Direct Cochlear Access
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Robotic Cochlear Implantation for Direct Cochlear Access

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention
04:32

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention

Published on: December 20, 2024

Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation in High-Frequency Hearing Loss via Electric Acoustic Stimulation with Longer Electrode
03:49

Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation in High-Frequency Hearing Loss via Electric Acoustic Stimulation with Longer Electrode

Published on: October 11, 2024

Robotic Cochlear Implantation for Direct Cochlear Access
08:06

Robotic Cochlear Implantation for Direct Cochlear Access

Published on: June 16, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Audiology

Context:

  • Bone anchored hearing aids (BAHA) utilize osseointegrated titanium implants for direct bone conduction.
  • The BAHA system has a proven clinical track record of over 30 years, demonstrating reliability.
  • It is effective for bilateral hearing loss with air-bone gaps and unilateral conductive hearing loss.

Purpose:

  • To review the established efficacy and ongoing developments of bone anchored hearing aids.
  • To highlight the advantages of BAHA, including preoperative testing and safe surgical procedures.
  • To discuss the continued relevance of BAHA amidst emerging implantable hearing technologies.

Summary:

  • BAHA provides optimal acoustic coupling via percutaneous titanium implants and direct bone conduction.
  • The system is suitable for patients with bilateral hearing loss and air-bone gaps, as well as unilateral conductive hearing loss.
  • Recent advancements include BAHA Intenso and new implant systems like Epiplating, alpha, and OBC.

Impact:

  • BAHA offers a reliable solution for hearing rehabilitation in diverse patient populations.
  • Its advantages, such as MRI compatibility and minimal risk to the inner ear, ensure its continued importance.
  • BAHA remains a key technology in hearing restoration, even with the advent of other implantable devices.