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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pulmonary Function Tests

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
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Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...

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[Lung function in the elderly: do we need new reference values?].

W Marek1, E Marek, K Mückenhoff

  • 1Institut für Arbeitsphysiologie an der Augusta-Kranken-Anstalt, Bochum. Wolfgang.Marek@rub.de

Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany)
|April 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The European Community for Coal and Steel (EGKS) reference values for lung function are still applicable for older adults, despite being established decades ago. Our study confirms their validity for assessing impaired lung function in the aging population.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Occupational Health

Context:

  • Aging populations necessitate updated health assessment tools.
  • Existing lung function reference values (EGKS) were established in the 1960s.
  • Concerns exist regarding the applicability of older reference values to current elderly populations.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the continued relevance of EGKS lung function reference values for contemporary adult populations.
  • To assess the accuracy of extrapolating EGKS values for elderly individuals.
  • To compare EGKS values with other reference sets like SAPALDIA and LuftiBus.

Summary:

  • Lung function parameters in healthy adults aged 20-90 correlate linearly with age.
  • Measured lung function values closely align with extrapolated EGKS reference values, even for older subjects.
  • EGKS reference equations can be extrapolated beyond their original age range for classifying lung function.

Impact:

  • Validated use of EGKS reference values for assessing lung function in the elderly.
  • Supports the continued application of EGKS values in occupational health and disability assessments.
  • Highlights the need for multicentric studies to establish contemporary lung function reference values.