Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who are...

Surveys

Surveys

Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.

Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture

Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture

Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:

Confirmation Biases

Confirmation Biases

The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Is the MMR vaccination programme failing to protect women against rubella infection?

Epidemiology and infection·2013

Same author

Respiratory viral infections during the 2009-2010 winter season in Central England, UK: incidence and patterns of multiple virus co-infections.

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·2012

Same author

Microbial contamination of non-invasive ventilation devices used by adults with cystic fibrosis.

The Journal of hospital infection·2012

Same author

Recruiting individuals into the HTLV cohort study in the United Kingdom: clinical findings and challenges in the first six years, 2003 to 2009.

Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin·2011

Same author

International survey on NAT testing of blood donations: expanding implementation and yield from 1999 to 2009.

Vox sanguinis·2011

Same author

Using automated extraction of hepatitis B tests for surveillance: evidence of decreasing incidence of acute hepatitis B in England.

Epidemiology and infection·2011

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Methods to Increase the Sensitivity of High Resolution Melting Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping in Malaria

Methods to Increase the Sensitivity of High Resolution Melting Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping in Malaria

Published on: November 10, 2015

The problem with using computer programmes to assign ethnicity: immigration decreases sensitivity.

L J Brant¹, E Boxall

¹Immunization Department, Health Protection Agency, Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW95EQ, UK. lisa.brant@hpa.org.uk

|April 7, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The NamPehchan tool misclassifies nearly 50% of Black African women as South Asian, impacting ethnic health surveillance accuracy. This highlights the need for caution when using name-based ethnicity assignment for diverse populations.

More Related Videos

Experimental Assessment of Mouse Sociability Using an Automated Image Processing Approach

Experimental Assessment of Mouse Sociability Using an Automated Image Processing Approach

Published on: May 15, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Methods to Increase the Sensitivity of High Resolution Melting Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping in Malaria

Methods to Increase the Sensitivity of High Resolution Melting Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping in Malaria

Published on: November 10, 2015

Experimental Assessment of Mouse Sociability Using an Automated Image Processing Approach

Experimental Assessment of Mouse Sociability Using an Automated Image Processing Approach

Published on: May 15, 2016

Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Health Informatics

Background:

Ethnic group is crucial for understanding disease patterns but often unavailable in surveillance.
Automated ethnicity assignment tools like NamPehchan have variable accuracy.
Recent observations suggested NamPehchan's performance decline, particularly for Black African individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the current sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of the NamPehchan program.
To assess changes in NamPehchan's accuracy over time.
To investigate the impact of changing demographics on ethnicity classification.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study design was employed.
NamPehchan classified women's ethnicity based on name.
Classifications were compared against midwife-reported ethnicity (gold standard).
Sensitivity, PPV, and infection rates were calculated overall and by year.

Main Results:

627 women with hepatitis B surface antigen positivity were analyzed.
The majority of positive cases were from minority ethnic groups, predominantly Asian.
Overall NamPehchan sensitivity was 74.5% and PPV was 68.5%.
A significant misclassification rate was observed, with nearly 50% of Black African women incorrectly identified as South Asian.

Conclusions:

Immigration patterns, particularly from African countries, have decreased NamPehchan's sensitivity for certain groups.
Misclassification is likely when NamPehchan is applied to populations including individuals from Muslim African regions.
Careful consideration and validation are necessary when utilizing name-based ethnicity tools in diverse populations for health surveillance.