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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...

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Evidence-based adjuvant therapy for gliomas: current concepts and newer developments.

M K Khan1, G K Hunter, M Vogelbaum

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.

Indian Journal of Cancer
|April 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Glioma incidence is rising globally. Research reviews landmark trials and evolving treatment strategies, including radiation and chemotherapy, for aggressive brain tumors like glioblastoma multiforme.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Glioma incidence is increasing worldwide, with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) being the most common and malignant primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor in adults.
  • Treatment approaches for gliomas vary based on histology and risk, ranging from surgery alone for low-grade gliomas to external beam radiation with chemotherapy for aggressive types.
  • There is a notable contrast in glioma subtype prevalence between the United States and some regions in India, highlighting geographical variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review landmark and recent clinical trials investigating glioma treatment.
  • To present evolving concepts and management strategies for various glioma histologies.
  • To synthesize current research on chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies for gliomas.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of over 200 articles from the National Library of Medicine (NLM) database and PubMed.
  • Search terms included various glioma types (e.g., glioblastoma multiforme, anaplastic astrocytoma, low-grade gliomas), treatment modalities (chemotherapy, radiation), and specific agents/markers (temozolomide, bevacizumab, MGMT, 1p/19q deletion).
  • Focus on results from phase III trials and recently published studies.

Main Results:

  • The review synthesizes findings from major glioma trials, providing insights into treatment efficacy.
  • Current standard treatment for aggressive gliomas involves external beam radiation with concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy.
  • Emerging concepts and targeted therapies are discussed in the context of ongoing research.

Conclusions:

  • Active research continues to explore novel treatment approaches for gliomas due to their poor outcomes.
  • Management strategies are evolving, incorporating advancements in radiation, chemotherapy, and molecularly targeted agents.
  • Understanding trial results and new concepts is crucial for optimizing glioma patient care.