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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota

The human gut microbiome includes a diverse array of microbial species, including beneficial commensals and opportunistic pathogens, which interact to support host health. These microbes contribute to essential functions such as nutrient metabolism, immune system modulation, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. However, disruptions to this equilibrium—referred to as dysbiosis—can have widespread physiological consequences.Dysbiosis is often characterized by reduced microbial...
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation
07:46

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Published on: April 3, 2017

Obesity, inflammation, and macrophages.

Vidya Subramanian1, Anthony W Ferrante

  • 1Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series. Paediatric Programme
|April 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Obesity is a growing global health crisis linked to chronic inflammation. Targeting adipose tissue macrophages can reduce inflammation and improve insulin sensitivity, offering new therapeutic avenues.

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic disease research
  • Immunology
  • Obesity research

Background:

  • Global obesity rates have tripled since 1980, increasing associated diseases like diabetes and atherosclerosis.
  • Obesity is linked to chronic low-grade inflammation, partly originating from adipose tissue.
  • Adipose tissue macrophage accumulation is key to obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity-related inflammation.
  • To understand the mechanisms of macrophage recruitment and activation in obesity.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for obesity complications.

Main Methods:

  • Studies in obese individuals and rodents.
  • Analysis of adipose tissue macrophage accumulation.

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Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages
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Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages

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Characterization of Immune Cells in Human Adipose Tissue by Using Flow Cytometry
07:32

Characterization of Immune Cells in Human Adipose Tissue by Using Flow Cytometry

Published on: March 6, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation
07:46

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Published on: April 3, 2017

Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages
10:07

Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages

Published on: June 23, 2013

Characterization of Immune Cells in Human Adipose Tissue by Using Flow Cytometry
07:32

Characterization of Immune Cells in Human Adipose Tissue by Using Flow Cytometry

Published on: March 6, 2018

  • Correlation of macrophage numbers with body weight, BMI, and body fat.
  • Assessment of inflammatory factor expression by macrophages.

    • Main Results:

    • Adipose tissue macrophage numbers correlate strongly with obesity metrics.
    • Recruited macrophages express inflammatory factors contributing to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance.
    • Reducing macrophage numbers or their inflammatory properties improves insulin sensitivity and reduces inflammation.

    Conclusions:

    • Adipose tissue macrophages are critical drivers of obesity-induced inflammation.
    • Targeting macrophage accumulation or activation in adipose tissue holds therapeutic potential for obesity complications.
    • Further research into macrophage dynamics in adipose tissue is crucial for developing effective treatments.