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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

MRI--the perfect surrogate marker for multiple sclerosis?

Frederik Barkhof¹, Massimo Filippi

¹MS Center Amsterdam and Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. f.barkhof@vumc.nl

Nature Reviews. Neurology

|April 7, 2009

Summary

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) accurately reflects histopathological changes in multiple sclerosis. Short-term studies often overlook the strong correlation between MRI data and clinical findings, highlighting MRI

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neurology
Pathology

Background:

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) diagnosis and monitoring rely on understanding histopathological changes.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers sensitive detection of these pathological alterations in MS.

Discussion:

The relationship between MRI findings and clinical manifestations in MS is often underestimated in short-term studies.
Clinical assessment limitations, rather than MRI sensitivity, may explain discrepancies.

Key Insights:

MRI is a highly sensitive tool for visualizing MS-related histopathological changes.
The correlation between MRI and clinical status in MS is robust, despite limitations in some study designs.

Outlook:

Further research should focus on longitudinal studies to better integrate MRI and clinical data in MS.
Advanced MRI techniques could provide deeper insights into MS progression and treatment efficacy.