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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview01:29

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview

Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...
In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.

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Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
08:09

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics

Published on: June 17, 2012

Bridging the gene-to-function knowledge gap through functional genomics.

Stephen J Robinson1, Isobel A P Parkin

  • 1Agriculure and Agri-food, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Assigning functions to newly discovered genes is crucial due to the genomics data explosion. This chapter details forward and reverse genetics strategies and resources for model and crop species, including T-DNA tagging protocols for gene discovery.

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In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio
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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The rapid growth of genomics data has identified numerous genes with unknown functions, creating a significant knowledge gap.
  • Understanding gene function is essential for biological research and applications in medicine and agriculture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of available forward and reverse genetics strategies for assigning functions to novel genes.
  • To detail resources for model and crop species to aid functional genomics research.
  • To present protocols for using T-DNA tagged populations in gene discovery and functional characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established forward and reverse genetics techniques.
  • Compilation of resources for various model and crop organisms.
  • Description of protocols for T-DNA insertional mutagenesis and subsequent analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key genetic strategies applicable to diverse species.
  • Availability of specific resources and protocols to facilitate gene function studies.
  • Demonstration of T-DNA tagging as a viable method for linking genes to phenotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Forward and reverse genetics approaches, supported by specific resources, are vital for closing the genomics knowledge gap.
  • T-DNA tagged populations offer a powerful tool for discovering gene functions and understanding novel phenotypes.
  • This chapter serves as a guide for researchers aiming to functionally characterize newly identified genes.