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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

Modality effects in sentence recall.

Paula Goolkasian¹, Paul W Foos, Mirrenda Eaton

¹Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA. pagoolka@uncc.edu

The Journal of General Psychology

|April 9, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Memory recall is affected by how information is presented. Visual sentences and word lists increase lure intrusions, while auditory distractors have less impact when word probes are absent.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Human Memory
Experimental Psychology

Background:

Memory recall is susceptible to interference from irrelevant information, known as lures.
The modality (visual or auditory) of presented information can influence memory performance.
Understanding factors affecting lure intrusion is crucial for memory research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how the modality of distractor word lists and sentences affects lure intrusions in sentence recall.
To examine the role of conceptual regeneration versus spontaneous intrusion in memory.
To determine the influence of word probes and distractor modality on memory accuracy.

Main Methods:

Participants recalled sentences preceded by word lists, with or without lures.
The modality of both the word list (distractor) and the sentence was manipulated.
Experiment 2 manipulated the presence of word probes to assess their disruptive effect.

Main Results:

Conceptual regeneration of sentences led to more lure intrusions than spontaneous intrusions.
Lure intrusions were higher with visual sentences and when lures were in the distractor word list.
Removing word probes reduced the disruptive effect of auditory distractors.

Conclusions:

Both sentence modality and distractor list modality significantly impact lure intrusions in memory recall.
The presence of word probes amplifies the disruptive effects of distractors.
Memory recall is sensitive to both the conceptual content and surface-level features of presented information.