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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

An Acupoint Catgut-embedding Therapy for Treating Obesity
04:50

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Combination pharmaceutical therapies for obesity.

Kishore M Gadde, David B Allison

    Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
    |April 9, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Current anti-obesity medications offer modest weight loss. Combination drug therapies are being developed to achieve more significant weight reduction and improve obesity-related health risks.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Diseases

    Background:

    • Current anti-obesity medications provide limited weight loss outcomes, failing to meet clinical and consumer expectations.
    • Obesity is a complex metabolic disease associated with significant health risks, necessitating more effective treatment strategies.

    Discussion:

    • Combination drug therapies for obesity aim to enhance weight loss efficacy beyond monotherapy.
    • Evaluating the synergistic effects and potential drawbacks of combining different anti-obesity agents is crucial.

    Key Insights:

    • Combination therapies show promise for achieving clinically meaningful weight loss.
    • Research is exploring novel combinations to target multiple pathways involved in weight regulation.

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    A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats

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    Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

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    Published on: April 4, 2025

    Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
    05:10

    Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

    Published on: May 30, 2025

    A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats
    06:28

    A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats

    Published on: April 28, 2023

    Outlook:

    • Further clinical trials are needed to establish the safety and long-term effectiveness of combination anti-obesity treatments.
    • Advancements in understanding obesity pathophysiology may lead to more targeted and personalized combination therapy approaches.