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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized, and...
Bleeding in Fresh Concrete01:22

Bleeding in Fresh Concrete

Bleeding in fresh concrete occurs when water from the mix rises to the surface. This happens because the mix's solid components fail to retain all the water as they settle, leading to separation where water collects at the top. The severity of bleeding can be measured by assessing the total settlement or by noting the decrease in height per unit height of concrete.
Bleeding can cause several issues in the concrete structure. Sometimes, the rising water gets trapped beneath large aggregate...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Integrated Compensatory Responses in a Human Model of Hemorrhage
07:57

Integrated Compensatory Responses in a Human Model of Hemorrhage

Published on: November 20, 2016

Dedicated bleed units: should they be advocated?

Reena Sidhu1, Paraskevi Sakellariou, Mark E McAlindon

  • 1Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, NHS Trust, UK. reena_sidhu@yahoo.com

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
|April 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dedicated upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (UGIH) bleed units demonstrate consistently low rebleeding and mortality rates. These outcomes are comparable to national standards, though patient age and comorbidities present limitations for further improvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (UGIH) is a frequent medical emergency.
  • Dedicated UGIH bleed units are not universally available in UK hospitals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess rebleeding and mortality rates in a tertiary UGIH bleed unit.
  • To compare these rates against national benchmarks and the unit's historical performance.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 255 UGIH patient cases over 24 months.
  • Analysis of demographics, Rockall scores, and patient outcomes.
  • Evaluation of gastroscopy timing and diagnostic yields.

Main Results:

  • Mean age 62 years, median Rockall score 3.
  • Rebleeding rate 12%, mortality rate 9%, comparable to previous audits and national data.
  • Rockall scores predicted rebleeding and mortality; surgical intervention reduced significantly.

Conclusions:

  • Dedicated UGIH bleed units achieve consistently low rebleeding and mortality.
  • Patient factors like age and comorbidity limit the extent of demonstrable improvement.
  • The study highlights the effectiveness of specialized care for UGIH.