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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Artificial Lung Device Priming for In Situ Fiber Bundle Surface Grafting

Artificial Lung Device Priming for In Situ Fiber Bundle Surface Grafting

Published on: March 28, 2025

Oxygen-depleted surfaces: a new antifouling technology.

J Fredrik Lindgren¹, Mikael Haeffner, Claes T Ericsson

¹Department of Marine Ecology, Tjarno, University of Gothenburg, Stromstad, Sweden. fredrik.lindgren@marecol.gu.se

|April 9, 2009

Summary

A new protein-based paint creates an oxygen-depleted layer to prevent marine biofouling. This non-toxic antifouling strategy effectively deters barnacle and bryozoan settlement for up to 16 weeks.

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Biofilm Removal Using Carbon Dioxide Aerosols without Nitrogen Purge

Biofilm Removal Using Carbon Dioxide Aerosols without Nitrogen Purge

Published on: November 6, 2016

Area of Science:

Marine Biology
Materials Science
Environmental Science

Background:

Marine biofouling poses significant challenges to maritime industries, leading to increased fuel consumption and maintenance costs.
Traditional antifouling paints often rely on toxic heavy metals, such as copper, raising environmental concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and evaluate a novel, non-toxic marine antifouling paint utilizing industrial protein.
To investigate the mechanism of action, efficacy, and durability of the protein-based antifouling technology.

Main Methods:

Formulation of paint with up to 43% industrial protein.
Measurement of oxygen depletion layer formation and persistence.
Testing settlement and mortality of barnacle larvae (cyprids) under varying oxygen conditions.
Assessing antifouling performance through field exposure of painted panels for 16 weeks.

Main Results:

Microbial degradation of protein created a stable, oxygen-depleted layer (0.2 mm) persisting for 16 weeks.
Barnacle larvae settlement was inhibited at oxygen saturation <20%, and larvae died in oxygen-free water within 1 hour.
The oxygen-depleted layer rapidly reformed within 15 minutes after turbulent flow exposure.
Field tests showed 80% reduction in barnacle fouling and nearly 100% reduction in bryozoan fouling.

Conclusions:

The protein-based paint offers a promising non-toxic alternative to copper-based antifouling solutions, particularly for recreational boats in sensitive marine ecosystems.
Further development is needed to improve the long-term service-life of the paint under operational conditions, as indicated by full-scale boat-hull tests.