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Mother-child conversation in different social classes and communicative settings.

E Hoff-Ginsberg1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha 53141.

Child Development
|August 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Social class impacts mothers' language use with young children. Different interaction settings also influence maternal speech, affecting children's linguistic experiences.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Sociolinguistics
  • Child Language Acquisition

Background:

  • Socioeconomic status is known to influence child development.
  • Previous research suggests disparities in language exposure based on social class.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate social class differences in maternal speech directed at children.
  • To examine the role of communicative setting in these class-based speech differences.
  • To explore parallels between child-directed and adult-directed speech across social classes.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of 63 mother-child dyads (children aged 18-29 months).
  • Videotaping interactions in four distinct settings: mealtime, dressing, book reading, and toy play.
  • Collection of speech samples directed at both children and adults.

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Main Results:

  • Significant social class differences were found in mothers' child-directed speech.
  • Parallel differences were observed in mothers' adult-directed speech, suggesting broader language use patterns.
  • Communicative setting significantly affected maternal speech and moderated social class differences.

Conclusions:

  • Social class variations in child-directed speech may reflect general class-based language use patterns.
  • Interaction context is a crucial factor, potentially as influential as maternal speech characteristics.
  • Maternal interaction time in different contexts significantly shapes children's linguistic environments.