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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

3D Planning and Printing of Patient Specific Implants for Reconstruction of Bony Defects
08:15

3D Planning and Printing of Patient Specific Implants for Reconstruction of Bony Defects

Published on: August 4, 2020

[Biomaterials for craniofacial reconstruction].

A Neumann1

  • 1Klinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Plastische und ästhetische Operationen, Stimm- und Sprachstörungen, Städtische Kliniken Neuss Lukaskrankenhaus GmbH, Neuss. aneumann@lukasneuss.de

Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie
|April 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biomaterials like titanium alloys are used for skull reconstruction, offering benefits but raising questions about removal. The optimal biomaterial for bony defects remains elusive, with ongoing research into improved properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials science
  • Craniofacial surgery
  • Orthopedic biomaterials

Background:

  • Biomaterials are crucial for reconstructing skull bony defects from fractures, malformations, trauma, or tumor resections.
  • Applications include osteosynthesis, filling defects, dental implants, and facial aesthetic augmentations.
  • Titanium alloys offer excellent biocompatibility and stability for osteosynthesis, though removal of asymptomatic implants is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current biomaterials for skull bony defect reconstruction.
  • To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various materials, including titanium alloys and resorbable systems.
  • To highlight challenges in selecting appropriate biomaterials and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of biomaterials used in craniofacial reconstruction.
  • Analysis of properties, applications, and clinical considerations of different biomaterial types.
  • Discussion of controversies regarding implant removal and future trends in biomaterial development.

Main Results:

  • Titanium alloys are advantageous for osteosynthesis due to biocompatibility and stability.
  • Resorbable osteosynthesis systems are beneficial for pediatric patients.
  • No single optimal biomaterial exists; selection depends on indication and site.
  • Ongoing research focuses on improving surface interactions and biological properties.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of biomaterial for skull bony defects is complex, with trade-offs between properties like biocompatibility, stability, and cost.
  • Titanium alloys and resorbable systems offer distinct advantages.
  • Future advancements are needed to develop ideal biomaterials, as tissue-engineered bone is not yet clinically viable.