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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

Published on: October 25, 2019

Processing of fast speech by elderly listeners.

¹Utrecht Institute of Linguistics OTS and Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Nijmegen, Utrecht, The Netherlands. E.Janse1@uu.nl

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

|April 10, 2009

Summary

Hearing loss significantly impacts elderly individuals' ability to process fast speech. Cognitive factors, like reading speed, also play a role in age-related differences in speech comprehension.

Area of Science:

Auditory perception
Cognitive aging
Speech processing

Background:

Elderly listeners often struggle more than young listeners with increased speech rates.
Previous research has found it difficult to directly link age-related cognitive slowing to fast speech performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the interplay of auditory and cognitive factors in elderly listeners' difficulties with fast speech.
To examine the role of processing time in age-related speech rate effects using an on-line approach.

Main Methods:

Elderly and young participants completed an on-line speech detection task with two rates of time compression.
Auditory measures (hearing acuity) and cognitive measures (information processing rate, reading speed) were assessed.
Statistical models predicted fast speech performance based on these auditory and cognitive measures.

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Main Results:

Hearing loss was identified as a primary factor in elderly listeners' challenges with fast speech.
Non-auditory factors, including reading speed and visual processing rate, also predicted performance differences among older adults.
On-line measures confirmed that slowed information processing contributes to elderly listeners' difficulties with rapid speech.

Conclusions:

Hearing acuity is a critical determinant of how well elderly individuals cope with fast speech.
Cognitive factors, particularly processing speed and reading fluency, also influence fast speech comprehension in older adults.
The findings underscore the combined impact of auditory and cognitive decline on speech processing in aging populations.