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Hand osteoarthritis in Chuvashian population: prevalence and determinants

Leonid Kalichman1, Eugene Kobyliansky

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel. kalihman@zahav.net.il

Rheumatology International
|April 10, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Radiographic hand osteoarthritis (OA) is highly prevalent in older Chuvashians, particularly women with obesity. Moderate alcohol intake may offer a protective effect for women

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease.
  • Understanding its prevalence and risk factors in diverse populations is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of radiographic hand OA in a Chuvashian community sample.
  • To investigate associations between hand OA and age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol consumption.

Main Methods:

  • A community-based sample of 443 males and 384 females from the Chuvashian population was studied.
  • Radiographic evaluation of 14 hand joints per individual using the Kellgren and Lawrence grading scheme.
  • Statistical analyses included prevalence estimation, regression models, and chi-squared tests.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of hand OA observed, with 89.2% of males and 97.6% of females over 65 years having at least one affected joint.
  • Obesity was associated with a nearly threefold increased risk of hand OA in females, but not in males.
  • No significant association was found between smoking and hand OA prevalence.
  • Moderate alcohol consumption demonstrated a protective effect on hand OA prevalence in women.

Conclusions:

  • Age is a significant factor in hand OA prevalence in the Chuvashian population.
  • Obesity is a key risk factor for hand OA in women, highlighting potential sex-specific differences in disease etiology.
  • Moderate alcohol consumption may have a protective role against hand OA in women, warranting further investigation.

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