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Aetiology of surgically treated mitral regurgitation

P Luxereau1, R Dorent, G De Gevigney

  • 1Service du Professeur Acar, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.

European Heart Journal
|July 1, 1991
PubMed

Insights

Primary mitral valve prolapse is now the leading cause of mitral regurgitation, replacing rheumatic fever. Surgical repair is common, but the exact cause of PMVP remains unclear despite distinct morphological presentations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Mitral regurgitation (MR) aetiologies have shifted over time.
  • Rheumatic heart disease was a common cause of MR historically.
  • Increasing patient age impacts surgical populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the changing aetiologies of mitral regurgitation.
  • To assess the frequency of primary mitral valve prolapse (PMVP) as a cause of MR.
  • To evaluate the role of conservative surgical repair in MR management.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 336 patients undergoing surgery for MR between 1970 and 1990.
  • Analysis of aetiologies, surgical techniques, and patient demographics.
  • Comparison of morphological aspects in PMVP cases.

Main Results:

  • Primary mitral valve prolapse (PMVP) is the most common cause of MR (60%), surpassing rheumatic fever.
  • Increasing patient age is a significant factor in this epidemiological shift.
  • Conservative surgical repair (Carpentier's technique) is performed in 60% of MR patients and 80% of PMVP cases.
  • Two distinct morphological presentations of PMVP were noted, but lacked other differentiating features.

Conclusions:

  • PMVP has become the predominant aetiology for mitral regurgitation in the studied period.
  • Conservative surgical repair is a frequently utilized and effective treatment for MR, particularly PMVP.
  • The underlying aetiology of PMVP requires further investigation despite observed morphological variations.

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