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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
14:14

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

Mitral valve repair for mitral insufficiency.

F D Loop1, D M Cosgrove, W J Stewart

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195.

European Heart Journal
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Degenerative mitral valve disease is a leading cause of mitral regurgitation. Surgeons can successfully repair most degenerative mitral valves with evolving techniques and objective monitoring via echocardiography.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Degenerative mitral valve disease is the primary cause of mitral regurgitation in North America.
  • Surgical repair techniques for mitral valve disease have advanced.
  • Improvements in myocardial protection support surgical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of surgical mitral valve repair techniques.
  • To document the success rates of degenerative mitral valve repair.
  • To emphasize the role of echocardiography in monitoring repair outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of surgical techniques for degenerative mitral valve disease.
  • Application of improved myocardial protection strategies.

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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

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Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels
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Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels

Published on: May 26, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
14:14

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels
08:12

Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels

Published on: May 26, 2023

  • Serial echocardiography (echo Doppler) studies for objective assessment.

    • Main Results:

    • The learning curve for mitral valve repair is navigable.
    • A majority of degenerative mitral valves can be successfully repaired.
    • Echocardiography quantifies residual mitral regurgitation and monitors patient progress.

    Conclusions:

    • Mitral valve repair is a viable and successful option for degenerative mitral valve disease.
    • Objective documentation of repair success is achievable with serial echocardiography.
    • Echocardiography facilitates communication between surgical and cardiology teams.