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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...
Body Water Content and Fluid Compartments01:19

Body Water Content and Fluid Compartments

Life's biochemical processes occur within aqueous solutions. Solutes are substances that are dissolved within these solutions. The human body contains a variety of solutes, which can differ across various body parts. These can encompass proteins—such as those responsible for clotting and carbohydrate transport—as well as electrolytes. In medicine, an electrolyte is often described as a mineral ion derived from a salt possessing an electric charge. Examples include sodium ions (Na+) and chloride...
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
Variability: Analysis01:11

Variability: Analysis

Measures of variability are statistical metrics that reveal the dispersion pattern within a dataset. They are pivotal in biostatistics, providing insights into the heterogeneity within health and biological data. Variability signifies the degree to which data points diverge from one another, helping researchers understand the potential range of values and associated uncertainty within the data.
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Evaluation of Changes in Hydration and Body Cell Mass with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis after Exercise Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
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Within-subject variability in body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

A De Lorenzo1, A Andreoli, N Candeloro

  • 1Department of Human Physiology, University Tor Vergata, 00173 Rome, Italy.

Clinical Physiology (Oxford, England)
|April 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) shows excellent reproducibility for bone mineral content (BMC) but high variability for lean and fat tissue, especially in body segments.

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Area of Science:

  • Human physiology
  • Medical imaging technology

Background:

  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a common method for assessing body composition.
  • Understanding the reproducibility of DXA measurements is crucial for accurate health assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reproducibility of DXA for total and segmental body composition measurements.
  • To evaluate the variability in bone mineral content (BMC), lean mass, and fat mass.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-two healthy males underwent six consecutive DXA scans within 90 minutes.
  • Measurements included total body and segmental (legs, arms, trunk, abdomen) composition.
  • Reproducibility was assessed using the coefficient of variation.

Main Results:

  • DXA demonstrated excellent reproducibility for bone mineral content (BMC) across all regions.
  • Lean tissue reproducibility varied from 1.5% (total body) to 26% (trunk).
  • Fat tissue reproducibility ranged from 2.1% (legs) to 50% (total body), with high variability in segments.

Conclusions:

  • DXA offers excellent reproducibility for BMC measurements.
  • Significant variability exists in DXA measurements of lean and fat tissue, particularly in specific body segments.
  • Further research may be needed to improve segmental body composition analysis accuracy.