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Related Concept Videos

Motivational Bias01:25

Motivational Bias

Cognitive bias results from limitations in thinking and information processing, leading to systematic errors in judgment. Conversely, motivational bias stems from personal desires or emotions, causing distortions in perception to align with self-interest. Motivational bias influences how individuals perceive and attribute causes to events, often shaped by personal needs, goals, and self-esteem preservation. This bias can distort judgment, leading to inaccurate assessments of success, failure,...
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Motivational Cycle

The motivational cycle is a key concept that explains how individuals are motivated to meet their needs. At its core, the cycle revolves around four distinct stages: need, drive, goal-directed behavior, and goal achievement. These stages respond to imbalances in the body or mind, prompting actions that restore balance.
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Humanistic Therapy01:24

Humanistic Therapy

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Participant Modeling
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Virtual Agent for Real-Time Motivational Interviewing by Integrating Adaptive Nonverbal Behavior and Language Models
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Published on: December 23, 2025

Ten things that motivational interviewing is not.

William R Miller1, Stephen Rollnick

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Logan Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico NM 87131-1161, USA. wrmiller@unm.edu

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy
|April 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Motivational interviewing (MI) is often confused with other approaches. This article clarifies what MI is not, distinguishing it from 10 common misconceptions to improve its application in research and practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Psychology
  • Health Communication

Background:

  • Motivational interviewing (MI) has gained international recognition over 26 years.
  • Its widespread adoption has led to confusion with other concepts and methods.
  • This has implications for scientific research, clinical practice, and training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the distinct nature of motivational interviewing (MI).
  • To address common confusions and misconceptions surrounding MI.
  • To differentiate MI from 10 specific, frequently associated concepts and procedures.

Main Methods:

  • A review of publications and presentations on MI was conducted.
  • A list of 10 concepts and procedures often confused with MI was compiled.
  • The article systematically discusses why MI is not each of these 10 items.

Main Results:

  • Motivational interviewing (MI) is not the transtheoretical model of change.
  • MI is not a method for tricking individuals, a standalone technique, or decisional balance.
  • MI is distinct from assessment feedback, cognitive-behavior therapy, client-centered therapy, easy learning, usual practice, or a panacea.

Conclusions:

  • Clear differentiation of MI from other approaches is crucial.
  • Accurate understanding of MI enhances quality assurance in scientific research.
  • Precise definition of MI supports effective clinical practice and training.