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Polymorphisms of MLH1 in benign prostatic hyperplasia and sporadic prostate cancer

Yuichiro Tanaka1, Mohd S Zaman, Shahana Majid

  • 1Department of Surgery/Urology (112F), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. Yuichiro.tanaka@ucsf.edu

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|April 15, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations in the MLH1 gene may influence cancer risk. A specific MLH1 gene variant (codon 384) shows a protective effect against developing prostate cancer in an Asian population.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • DNA repair pathways, including mismatch repair, are crucial in preventing cancer.
  • Defects in mismatch repair genes, such as MLH1, are implicated in various cancers.
  • The role of MLH1 gene polymorphisms in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer risk is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between MLH1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of BPH and sporadic prostate cancer.
  • To analyze the genetic distribution of MLH1 polymorphisms at specific codons (132, 219, 384, 723) in an Asian population.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping analysis of MLH1 polymorphisms at codons 132, 219, 384, and 723.
  • Comparison of allele frequencies between patients with BPH, prostate cancer, and healthy controls.
  • Statistical analysis to determine the association between polymorphisms and disease risk, stage, and grade.

Main Results:

  • The MLH1 codon 384 variant allele demonstrated a statistically significant protective effect against prostate cancer (P=0.031).
  • No significant association was found between the codon 384 variant and BPH risk.
  • An inverse association was observed between the codon 384 variant and prostate cancer stage (P=0.074) and grade (P=0.056).

Conclusions:

  • MLH1 polymorphism at codon 384 may play a protective role against prostate cancer in the studied Asian population.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the role of MLH1 variants in prostate cancer development and progression.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this protective effect.

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