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Detoxification treatments for opiate dependent adolescents
Silvia Minozzi1, Laura Amato, Marina Davoli
1Department of Epidemiology, ASL RM/E, Via di Santa Costanza, 53, Rome, Italy, 00198. sminozzi1@alice.it
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|April 17, 2009
Summary
Limited research exists on adolescent opioid detoxification. One study found buprenorphine comparable to clonidine for detoxification, with more participants starting naltrexone treatment. More trials are needed for effective adolescent opioid dependence treatment.
Area of Science:
- Addiction Medicine
- Adolescent Health
- Pharmacotherapy
Background:
- Pharmacotherapy is essential for adult opioid dependence treatment.
- Limited systematic research exists on pharmacological detoxification for adolescents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess detoxification treatments for adolescents.
- To compare effectiveness against no intervention, other pharmacological, or psychosocial interventions.
- To evaluate treatment completion, substance use reduction, and health/social status improvement.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- Searched multiple databases (Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINHAL) up to August 2008.
- Included RCTs comparing pharmacological detoxification (alone or with psychosocial intervention) in adolescents (13-18 years).
Main Results:
- One trial with 36 participants was included, comparing buprenorphine and clonidine.
- No significant differences in dropout or treatment acceptability were found.
- Buprenorphine group showed higher initiation of naltrexone treatment.
Conclusions:
- Conclusions are limited due to a single, small trial.
- The study did not evaluate methadone, a common opioid withdrawal treatment.
- Ethical and practical challenges hinder research in adolescent populations.
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