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Mental illness, nativity, gender and labor supply
Victoria D Ojeda1, Richard G Frank, Thomas G McGuire
1Division of Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, Institute of the Americas, 10111 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92093-0507, USA. vojeda@ucsd.edu
Health Economics
|April 17, 2009
Summary
Immigrants
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Public Health
- Labor Economics
Background:
- Mental health significantly impacts employment.
- Understanding these impacts across different demographics is crucial for policy.
- Nativity status is a key demographic factor influencing workforce participation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the effects of mental illness and mental health on employment.
- To examine these impacts by gender and nativity status (immigrant vs. US-born).
- To compare the influence of mental health on labor supply for different groups.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
- Employed two mental health indicators: K6 scale for mental illness (MI) and a Mania/Delusions (M/D) symptom indicator.
- Applied instrumental variable (IV) models using social support as instruments for MI.
Main Results:
- Unadjusted work rates were higher for immigrants compared to US-born adults.
- Mental illness (MI) was linked to lower work rates in US-born males, but not immigrant males or females.
- Mania/Delusions (M/D) symptoms reduced work rates in US-born males and females, and immigrant males.
- Instrumental variable analysis for MI yielded similar results.
- Symptom severity of mental illness reduced labor supply, particularly among US-born individuals.
Conclusions:
- While most individuals with mental illness are employed, symptom severity affects labor supply.
- Immigrants' labor supply appears less affected by mental illness compared to US-born individuals.
- Findings highlight differential impacts of mental health on employment based on nativity and gender.
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