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Conventional cardiovascular risk factors in HIV infection: how conventional are they?

Caroline A Sabin1, Signe W Worm

  • 1HIV Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free and UC Medical School, London NW32PF, UK. c.sabin@pcps.ucl.ac.uk

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
|April 18, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Individuals with HIV are aging and face a growing risk of cardiovascular disease due to prevalent risk factors like smoking and diabetes. Early intervention is crucial to prevent future cardiovascular events in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Aging HIV-infected populations in developed countries are predominantly male.
  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are increasingly prevalent in individuals living with HIV.
  • HIV-infected individuals are experiencing a higher incidence of traditional CVD risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in HIV-infected individuals.
  • To assess the impact of these risk factors on cardiovascular outcomes in the HIV population.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cardiovascular disease risk factors in HIV-infected populations.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data regarding the prevalence of risk factors and cardiovascular events.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors including family history, type 2 diabetes, smoking (35-72%), and dyslipidemia in aging HIV-infected individuals.
  • Traditional risk factors are projected to significantly contribute to cardiovascular disease development in HIV patients, similar to the general population.
  • Despite guidelines, the uptake of preventive cardiovascular disease interventions remains low in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected individuals face an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease as they age due to a high burden of traditional risk factors.
  • Proactive measures for cardiovascular disease prevention must be implemented in the HIV-infected population to mitigate future risks.
Abstract

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