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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Standing Electromagnetic Waves01:15

Standing Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves can be reflected; the surface of a conductor or a dielectric can act as a reflector. As electric and magnetic fields obey the superposition principle, so do electromagnetic waves. The superposition of an incident wave and a reflected electromagnetic wave produces a standing wave analogous to the standing waves created on a stretched string.
Suppose a sheet of a perfect conductor is placed in the yz-plane, and a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave traveling in the...
Generating Electromagnetic Radiations01:10

Generating Electromagnetic Radiations

The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in the...
IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching01:24

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in the 3500–3100 cm−1 range. Even though both O−H and N−H bonds vibrate at a similar...
Electromagnetic Waves in Matter01:30

Electromagnetic Waves in Matter

Electromagnetic waves can travel in the vacuum as well as in matter. For example light, which is an electromagnetic wave, can travel through air, water, or glass.
Consider the electromagnetic wave passing through a dielectric medium. In such a case, Maxwell's equations get modified. In Ampere's law, ε0 , the dielectric permittivity of free space is replaced with ε, the permittivity of dielectric. Also, the vacuum permeability μ0 is replaced by the permeability of the medium, μ.
Furthermore, the...
Standing Waves01:17

Standing Waves

Sometimes waves do not seem to move; rather, they just vibrate in place. Unmoving waves can be seen on the surface of a glass of milk kept in a refrigerator, which is one example of standing waves. Vibrations from the refrigerator motor create waves on the milk that oscillate up and down but do not seem to move across the surface. These waves are formed or created by the superposition of two or more identical moving waves in opposite directions. The waves move through each other, with their...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters
10:54

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Published on: July 8, 2013

Tunable terahertz radiation from Stark wave packets.

K Schafer, J Krause

    Optics Express
    |April 18, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Stark wave packets can generate tunable terahertz (THz) radiation. Researchers found that controlling excitation pulse parameters allows broad control over THz emission frequency and intensity.

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    Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

    Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters
    10:54

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    Published on: July 8, 2013

    Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators
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    Published on: April 4, 2016

    Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor
    07:28

    Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

    Published on: August 30, 2012

    Area of Science:

    • Atomic physics
    • Quantum optics
    • Terahertz science

    Background:

    • Terahertz (THz) radiation has unique properties for various applications.
    • Generating tunable and controllable THz sources remains a challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the potential of using Stark wave packets as a novel source for shaped THz radiation.
    • To investigate the controllability of THz emission properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical calculations were performed for the sodium atom.
    • Simulations involved the use of Stark wave packets as excitation sources.
    • Parameters of the excitation pulse were systematically varied.

    Main Results:

    • Stark wave packets can indeed serve as a source of shaped THz radiation.
    • The frequency of the emitted THz radiation is tunable.
    • The intensity of the THz emission is controllable.
    • A broad range of control over THz properties was demonstrated by adjusting excitation pulse parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • The study confirms the feasibility of using Stark wave packets for generating controlled THz radiation.
    • This method offers a promising avenue for developing tailored THz sources.
    • Further research could explore different atomic systems and excitation schemes.