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Related Concept Videos

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis
10:40

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

Small RNA: a large contributor to carcinogenesis?

Imran Bhatti1, Andrew Lee, Jonathan Lund

  • 1Division of Surgery, School of Graduate Entry Medicine and Health, University of Nottingham Medical School at Derby, Derby City General Hospital, Uttoxeter Road, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK. imran.bhatti@nhs.net

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery : Official Journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract
|April 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are crucial in preventing cancer. Aberrant miRNA expression is linked to carcinogenesis and may offer new diagnostic and treatment strategies for gastrointestinal cancers.

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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells

Published on: May 30, 2025

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis
10:40

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
07:23

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells

Published on: May 30, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cellular homeostasis relies on balancing cell proliferation and apoptosis.
  • Mutations in key genes disrupt this balance, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer.
  • Proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are critical in regulating cellular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in gene expression regulation.
  • To explore the link between aberrant miRNA expression and carcinogenesis.
  • To discuss the potential of miRNAs in cancer diagnosis and treatment, especially for gastrointestinal cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current evidence on miRNA expression and cancer.
  • Analysis of miRNA's role in inhibiting tumor suppressor genes and activating oncogenes.
  • Examination of unique miRNA profiles in different cancer types and stages.

Main Results:

  • Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by inhibiting protein translation and degrading messenger RNA.
  • Aberrant miRNA expression can lead to the inhibition of tumor suppressor genes or the activation of oncogenes.
  • Distinct miRNA expression patterns are observed across various cancer types and stages.

Conclusions:

  • Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in the regulation of gene expression and are implicated in the initiation of cancer.
  • Altered miRNA expression profiles are associated with carcinogenesis and hold promise for cancer diagnostics.
  • Targeting miRNAs could offer novel therapeutic strategies for improving cancer treatment outcomes, particularly in gastrointestinal malignancies.