Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...

Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fission

Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large number of different...

Nuclear Binding Energy

Nuclear Binding Energy

The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons are bound together;...

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fusion

The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...

Nuclear Power

Nuclear Power

Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...

Nuclear Stability

Nuclear Stability

Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together in the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Transition from Sign-Reversed to Sign-Preserved Cooper-Pairing Symmetry in Sulfur-Doped Iron Selenide Superconductors.

Physical review letters·2016

Same author

Measurement of Long-Range Near-Side Two-Particle Angular Correlations in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

Physical review letters·2016

Same author

An in vitro evaluation of fibrinogen and gelatin containing cryogels as dermal regeneration scaffolds.

Biomaterials science·2016

Same author

Search for Narrow Resonances Decaying to Dijets in Proton-Proton Collisions at √[s]=13 TeV.

Physical review letters·2016

Same author

Effect of plasma grid bias on extracted currents in the RF driven surface-plasma negative ion source.

The Review of scientific instruments·2016

Same author

High voltage holding in the negative ion sources with cesium deposition.

The Review of scientific instruments·2016

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Neutron Crystallography Data Collection and Processing for Modelling Hydrogen Atoms in Protein Structures

Neutron Crystallography Data Collection and Processing for Modelling Hydrogen Atoms in Protein Structures

Published on: December 1, 2020

First neutron generation in the BINP accelerator based neutron source.

B Bayanov¹, A Burdakov, V Chudaev

¹Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lavrentiev ave., 11, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine

|April 21, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new facility for neutron capture therapy has been developed, utilizing a compact accelerator to generate epithermal neutrons. This innovation aims to advance cancer treatment through precise neutron delivery.

More Related Videos

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Published on: March 29, 2016

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Published on: May 7, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Neutron Crystallography Data Collection and Processing for Modelling Hydrogen Atoms in Protein Structures

Neutron Crystallography Data Collection and Processing for Modelling Hydrogen Atoms in Protein Structures

Published on: December 1, 2020

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Published on: March 29, 2016

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Published on: May 7, 2021

Area of Science:

Nuclear Physics
Medical Physics
Radiation Oncology

Background:

Neutron capture therapy (NCT) is an advanced cancer treatment modality.
Development of dedicated facilities is crucial for NCT research and clinical application.
Existing accelerator-based neutron sources have limitations in terms of size, cost, and neutron flux.

Purpose of the Study:

To report the design and initial experimental results of a novel pilot facility for neutron capture therapy.
To demonstrate the feasibility of generating epithermal neutrons using a compact accelerator and a lithium target.
To establish a foundation for future NCT research and development at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics.

Main Methods:

Construction of a compact vacuum insulation tandem accelerator capable of producing high proton currents (up to 10 mA).
Utilizing a lithium target to generate neutrons via the 7Li(p,n)7Be threshold reaction.
Irradiation of the lithium target with 1.915 MeV protons to produce epithermal neutrons.

Main Results:

Successful construction and commissioning of the pilot NCT facility.
Demonstration of neutron generation using the specified proton energy and lithium target.
Initial data on neutron yield and energy spectrum obtained.

Conclusions:

The developed facility shows promise as a compact and efficient source for NCT.
The (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be reaction is a viable method for generating epithermal neutrons for therapeutic applications.
Further experiments are warranted to optimize neutron production and assess its suitability for clinical NCT.