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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Combined Shuttle-Box Training with Electrophysiological Cortex Recording and Stimulation as a Tool to Study Perception and Learning
08:43

Combined Shuttle-Box Training with Electrophysiological Cortex Recording and Stimulation as a Tool to Study Perception and Learning

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SMART: Sensitivity models for animals in response to training.

Paul D McGreevy1, Andrew N McLean, Kevin A Keay

  • 1Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. paulm@vetsci.usyd.edu.au

Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997)
|April 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The SMART system visually charts a horse's response to trainer cues, assessing stimulus control for better training. This graphic model helps evaluate how reliably horses react to aids like reins and legs.

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Area of Science:

  • Equine behavior
  • Animal training science
  • Riding and equestrian studies

Background:

  • Trained responses are considered under stimulus control when they occur reliably and exclusively upon cue.
  • Understanding stimulus control is crucial for effective animal training, particularly in equestrian sports.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the SMART system, a conceptual three-dimensional graphic model for charting a horse's responsiveness to trainer cues.
  • To provide a framework for analyzing the effectiveness of cues from reins, legs, and seat in ridden horses.

Main Methods:

  • The SMART system utilizes a four-quadrant, three-dimensional graphic to plot a horse's reactions.
  • It models trainer cues (reins, legs, seat) as bilaterally equivalent, except during turns or lateral movements.
  • The Z-axis quantifies the probability of a favorable response relative to competing stimuli.

Main Results:

  • The X-axis represents left versus right movement, and the Y-axis represents 'stop' versus 'go' responses.
  • The model illustrates how 'go' signals translate into straight, forward locomotion, reflecting the horse's bilateral balance.
  • A Z-value of 0 indicates no desired response to the trainer's specific cue.

Conclusions:

  • The SMART system offers a novel visual tool for assessing stimulus control in horses.
  • This conceptual model aids in understanding and improving the precision of communication between trainer and horse.
  • It provides a quantitative approach to evaluating training effectiveness based on response probability.