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Ciprofloxacin in typhoid fever
A Bavdekar1, M Chaudhari, S Bhave
1Department of Pediatrics, K.E.M. Hospital, Pune.
Abstract:
The study covers 78 children with typhoid fever who were hospitalized in April & May 1990. Serious complications were present in 32% (toxemia 22%, ileus 25% and myocarditis 8%). Blood cultures were positive in 30 of 49 tested. Others were diagnosed by positive Widal test. In vitro cultures of S. typhi were resistant to chloramphenicol (90%), ampicillin (93%) and co-trimoxazole (97%). However all were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and moderately sensitive to cephalexin and gentamycin. Ciprofloxacin alone or in combination was given in 73 of the 78 children and found to be remarkably effective in controlling the disease and preventing relapse. No serious side effects were noted. The cohort is being followed up for possible long term adverse effects.
Insights
This study on typhoid fever in children found high resistance to common antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin proved effective and safe for treatment, showing promise for managing this serious infection.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Typhoid fever remains a significant pediatric health concern, particularly in regions with limited access to effective treatments.
- Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella Typhi is a growing global challenge, complicating treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin in treating pediatric typhoid fever.
- To assess the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Salmonella Typhi isolates.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 78 hospitalized children diagnosed with typhoid fever.
- In vitro susceptibility testing of Salmonella Typhi isolates against various antibiotics.
- Clinical evaluation of treatment outcomes in children receiving ciprofloxacin.
Main Results:
- High resistance rates were observed for chloramphenicol (90%), ampicillin (93%), and co-trimoxazole (97%).
- Salmonella Typhi isolates demonstrated high sensitivity to ciprofloxacin.
- Ciprofloxacin treatment in 73 children was effective in disease control and relapse prevention with no noted serious side effects.
Conclusions:
- Ciprofloxacin is a highly effective and safe therapeutic option for pediatric typhoid fever, especially in areas with multidrug-resistant strains.
- The study highlights the urgent need for updated treatment guidelines due to widespread antibiotic resistance.