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Published on: February 2, 2024
Bio-active compounds from Euphorbia cornigera Boiss.
Imam Bakhsh Baloch1, Musa Kaleem Baloch, Ahmad Khan Baloch
1Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
|April 21, 2009
Summary
Euphorbia cornigera roots yield potent molluscicides. Acetone extracts and isolated N-(2-aminobenzoyl)anthraniloy esters show high toxicity against Biomphalaria glabrata snails, outperforming Bayluscide.
Area of Science:
- Phytochemistry
- Natural Products Chemistry
- Medicinal Botany
Background:
- Schistosomiasis is a major parasitic disease controlled by molluscicides.
- Biomphalaria glabrata snails are key intermediate hosts for Schistosoma mansoni.
- Plant-derived compounds offer potential alternatives to synthetic molluscicides.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the molluscicidal activity of Euphorbia cornigera root extracts.
- To isolate and characterize active compounds from E. cornigera.
- To evaluate the efficacy of isolated compounds against Biomphalaria glabrata.
Main Methods:
- Extraction of E. cornigera roots using various organic solvents.
- Bioassay-guided fractionation using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
- Structure elucidation of isolated compounds using comprehensive spectroscopic techniques (NMR, MS, IR, UV).
Main Results:
- Acetone extract of E. cornigera roots exhibited significant molluscicidal activity (LC50 = 17.5 μg/L).
- Ten N-(2-aminobenzoyl)anthraniloy esters were isolated and characterized.
- Compounds 1-8 are novel natural products; compounds 9 and 10 are known but new to this source.
- Several isolated compounds demonstrated 1.3-2.2 times higher toxicity than the control molluscicide, Bayluscide.
Conclusions:
- Euphorbia cornigera roots are a rich source of bioactive molluscicidal compounds.
- The isolated N-(2-aminobenzoyl)anthraniloy esters possess significant potential as natural molluscicides.
- Further research into these compounds could lead to novel strategies for schistosomiasis control.
