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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract I: Health History01:28

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract I: Health History

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract is critical to patient care. It allows healthcare professionals to identify and manage various respiratory conditions. The process involves a combination of subjective and objective data collection.
Subjective Data
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Health history and key...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
14:49

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting

Published on: April 8, 2022

Detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using spirometric screening.

K M Mosharraf-Hossain1, Samprity Islam, Abdul Kalam Azzad

  • 1Respiratory Wing, Department of Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Mymensingh Medical Journal : MMJ
|April 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Spirometry effectively detects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Bangladeshi smokers. This screening method aids in identifying COPD risk in smokers, promoting smoking cessation and reducing community disease burden.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
14:49

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting

Published on: April 8, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine
  • Public Health and Epidemiology
  • Diagnostic Screening

Background:

  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) poses a significant health burden globally and in Bangladesh.
  • Early detection of COPD is crucial for effective management and intervention, particularly in high-risk populations.
  • Spirometry is a key diagnostic tool for COPD, but its efficacy in community screening settings requires evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of spirometric screening for detecting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the Bangladeshi population.
  • To assess the prevalence of COPD and its severity among smokers and non-smokers using spirometry.
  • To correlate spirometric findings with common COPD symptoms and physical signs.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 400 participants (48+/-7.54 years, 60.50% male) at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University.
  • Participants included 200 smokers (17.07+/-7.50 pack-years) and 200 non-smokers, all offered free spirometry.
  • COPD diagnosis and severity assessment followed Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung diseases (GOLD) criteria.

Main Results:

  • Spirometric screening diagnosed COPD in 12.50% (50/400) of participants.
  • Smokers showed a significantly higher prevalence of COPD (9.75%) compared to non-smokers (2.75%) (p<0.001).
  • Among diagnosed COPD cases, mild obstruction was found in 36%, moderate in 50%, and severe in 14%; typical COPD symptoms were infrequent.

Conclusions:

  • Spirometry is an effective and accessible tool for detecting COPD in high-risk populations, especially smokers in Bangladesh.
  • The findings support the use of spirometry for early COPD identification to facilitate smoking cessation interventions.
  • Widespread spirometric screening can contribute to reducing the overall burden of COPD within the community.