Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Uncertainty: Overview

Uncertainty: Overview

In analytical chemistry, we often perform repetitive measurements to detect and minimize inaccuracies caused by both determinate and indeterminate errors. Despite the cares we take, the presence of random errors means that repeated measurements almost never have exactly the same magnitude. The collective difference between these measurements - observed values - and the estimated or expected value is called uncertainty. Uncertainty is conventionally written after the estimated or expected value.

Chromatographic Methods: Terminology

Chromatographic Methods: Terminology

Chromatography is an analytical technique widely used in fields such as chemistry, biology, environmental science, and pharmaceuticals to separate the components of a mixture and identify substances between them. The process of chromatography is based on the interactions between two distinct phases: the stationary phase and the mobile phase. The stationary phase is fixed in place by a supporting material, while the mobile phase moves over it, carrying the solutes. As the mobile phase travels,...

Data Validation

Data Validation

Method validation is a crucial process in analytical chemistry designed to confirm that a given method consistently produces reliable and high-quality results. This process is essential when a method is applied to different sample matrices or when procedural modifications are made, ensuring that the results meet acceptable standards across various applications.
Key parameters for method validation include:

Principles Of Column Chromatography

Principles Of Column Chromatography

The chromatography technique was first invented in 1901 by Michael S. Tswett, a Russian botanist, to separate plant pigments using organic solvents. Further, in 1941, Archer John Porter Martin and R. L. M. Synge modified the technique by packing silica gel into a column. A mixture of amino acids was then separated on the packed column using chloroform and water mixture as the mobile phase. This was the first report on column chromatography. At present, column chromatography is a widely used...

Chromatographic Resolution

Chromatographic Resolution

In chromatography, a solute moves through a chromatographic column and tends to spread, forming a Gaussian-shaped band. The longer the solute spends in the column, the broader the band becomes. The broadening can lead to overlaps within the column, affecting separation effectiveness.
The effectiveness of separation can be evaluated by determining the level of separation between two neighboring peaks in a chromatogram, which represents the individual components of a sample.
In chromatography,...

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error

The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this particular...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Comparative analysis of selenium biotransformation in broccoli sprouts via two extraction methods using HPLC-ICP (iCRC)MS.

Food chemistry: X·2026

Same author

The impact of chemical structure on redox behavior and biological activity of hydroxybenzoic acids.

Food chemistry·2026

Same author

Determination of ultra-trace to macro elements in broccoli seeds and sprouts: Implications for traceability in the polish sprout market.

Food chemistry·2025

Same author

Assessment of toxicity associated with inhalation of potentially toxic elements present in combustible tobacco products: cigars, pipe tobacco, bidis and cigarettes - An evaluation of risk assessment issues.

Toxicology·2025

Same author

The comparison of antioxidant properties and nutrigenomic redox-related activities of vitamin C, C-vitamers, and other common ascorbic acid derivatives.

Free radical biology & medicine·2023

Same author

Evaluation of the Safety and Potential Benefits of Beetroot-Based Dietary Supplements According to Their Elemental Composition.

Biological trace element research·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Convenient Method for Extraction and Analysis with High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography of Catecholamine Neurotransmitters and Their Metabolites

A Convenient Method for Extraction and Analysis with High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography of Catecholamine Neurotransmitters and Their Metabolites

Published on: March 1, 2018

Estimating uncertainty in analytical procedures based on chromatographic techniques.

Piotr Konieczka¹, Jacek Namieśnik

¹Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland. piotr.konieczka@pg.gda.pl

Journal of Chromatography. A

|April 22, 2009

Summary

Analytical results from chromatographic techniques are often unreliable because uncertainty from the chromatographic process is not included. This paper explains how to calculate combined uncertainty for accurate analytical information.

More Related Videos

Split Point Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of Thermal-Optical Organic/Elemental Carbon Measurements

Split Point Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of Thermal-Optical Organic/Elemental Carbon Measurements

Published on: September 7, 2019

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Convenient Method for Extraction and Analysis with High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography of Catecholamine Neurotransmitters and Their Metabolites

A Convenient Method for Extraction and Analysis with High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography of Catecholamine Neurotransmitters and Their Metabolites

Published on: March 1, 2018

Split Point Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of Thermal-Optical Organic/Elemental Carbon Measurements

Split Point Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of Thermal-Optical Organic/Elemental Carbon Measurements

Published on: September 7, 2019

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Chromatography

Background:

Chromatographic techniques are widely used for separating, determining, and identifying analytes in complex samples.
Current analytical results often lack reliability due to the exclusion of uncertainties from the chromatographic process itself.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the importance of incorporating uncertainty estimation in chromatographic analysis.
To provide a framework for calculating combined uncertainty in chromatographic measurements.

Main Methods:

Review of basic terms related to analytical uncertainty.
Identification of key sources of uncertainty within chromatographic methods.
Presentation of methods for calculating combined uncertainty.

Main Results:

Inclusion of chromatographic process uncertainties is crucial for reliable analytical data.
Established methods for calculating combined uncertainty can be applied to chromatographic results.

Conclusions:

Analytical results from chromatographic techniques require the inclusion of combined uncertainty for accurate interpretation.
Proper uncertainty estimation enhances the trustworthiness and utility of chromatographic data in complex matrices.