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Antiemetics for acute gastroenteritis in children
1Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY 10016, USA. mlevine336@aol.com
Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|April 22, 2009
Summary
New antiemetics, like ondansetron, effectively treat vomiting in children with gastroenteritis. This reduces hospitalizations and dehydration, allowing children to tolerate oral fluids and recover at home.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Gastroenteritis is a common cause of vomiting in children.
- Vomiting can lead to dehydration, necessitating medical intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the efficacy of newer antiemetic medications in managing childhood gastroenteritis.
- To assess the impact of these medications on hydration status and healthcare utilization.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of recent randomized, placebo-controlled trials.
- Focus on serotonin antagonists, specifically ondansetron.
Main Results:
- Ondansetron demonstrated significant efficacy in relieving vomiting.
- Reduced need for intravenous fluid therapy and hospitalizations was observed.
- No serious adverse effects were reported.
Conclusions:
- Antiemetic therapy can prevent severe dehydration and hospitalization in children with gastroenteritis.
- Improved oral fluid tolerance and patient satisfaction are key benefits.
- These medications may represent a significant advancement in gastroenteritis management.
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