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Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
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Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

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Published on: June 2, 2014

Recurrent headache in Indian adolescents.

Ravi Gupta1, Manjeet Singh Bhatia, Devendra Dahiya

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India. guptaravi_2003@yahoo.co.in

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|April 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Primary recurrent headaches affect over half of Indian adolescents, with migraine being the most common type. Female adolescents and older students are more susceptible, and headaches often worsen over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Adolescent Health

Background:

  • Primary recurrent headaches are a significant health concern in adolescents.
  • Understanding the epidemiology of these headaches in diverse populations is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of primary recurrent headaches among Indian adolescents.
  • To identify risk factors and patterns associated with these headaches in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 2235 adolescents (grades 9-12) in urban public schools.
  • Questionnaires were administered in classrooms, with telephonic follow-ups for inadequate data.
  • Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Chi-Square, Fisher's Exact, and independent sample t-tests.

Main Results:

  • 57.5% of adolescents reported recurrent headaches in the past year.
  • Migraine was the most prevalent type (17.2%), followed by unspecified (14.9%) and tension-type headaches (11%).
  • Female gender, increasing grade level, and family history were associated with higher headache prevalence, particularly migraine. Average onset age was 11.33 years.

Conclusions:

  • Primary recurrent headaches, especially migraine, are common in Indian adolescents.
  • Female adolescents and older students face a higher risk.
  • Headaches progress in about one-third of cases, with aura potentially worsening symptoms.