Three new alkaloids from Galanthus nivalis and Galanthus elwesii

Phytochemical studies on Galanthus species resulted in the isolation of three new compounds: 3,3'-O-(3',3''-dihydroxybutanoyl)hamayne and 11,3'-O-(3',3''-dihydroxybutanoyl)hamayne from G. nivalis and 2-O-(3'-hydroxybutanoyl)lycorine from G. elwesii. Additionally, 3,11-O-(3',3''-dihydroxybutanoyl)hamayne, 3,11,3'-O-(3',3'',3'''-trihydroxybutanoyl)hamayne, 8-O-demethylvasconine, tazettine, epimacronine, and ismine from G. nivalis; 2-O-(3'-acetoxybutanoyl)lycorine and incartine from G. elwesii; and hamayne, 11-O-(3'-hydroxybutanoyl)hamayne and lycorine from both species were isolated. Their structures were determined by EI-MS, HR-MS, CD, and 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, NOESY, HMQC, and HMBC) experiments.